The German unification began in 1848 when the German states revolted against their rulers. The Frankfurt Constituent was formed and came up with the idea of unifying Germany. It failed and Germany turned to Prussia leadership for help. During this time Prussia had issues with Austria and France, which led to war. Otto von Bismarck provoked the French, declaring war on the Prussians to build an alliance with the Northern German states. The Treaty of Frankfurt was established May 10, 1871 and France had to pay Prussia. With the French defeat, the German Empire was proclaimed in January 1871 in the Palace at Versailles, France.